Maybe I misunderstood the question. Is one CARTRIDGE more inherently accurate than another? Yeah. If you talk standard factory rounds, many are. The 30 Carbine. 6.5 Carcano, 6MM Remington, 22 Savage Hi Power, the 25, 30 and 32 Remington, the 32 WSL and 351 WSL, the 32 Auto and 380ACP. None of those rounds have a rep for inherent accuracy. Not in the terms we understand them. The 220 Swift is another example, as is the 38 S+W. Truth be told the 270 Winchester isn't noted for having "gilt edged accuracy" even though it is offered in the same platform that other more accurate rounds are. But, how much of that goes to the guns they're offered in and how they're loaded vs the cartridge itself? The only way to figure that out is to have one action and a lot of different barrels in a lot of different calibers. Then spend decades wringing out the contenders.Some are bound to be more inherently accurate than others. But, you take a number that was marketed in a take down, lever action rifle with open sights and add in odd duck barrel dimensions and bullets and what chance does that round have? There isn't any real difference between the 22 Savage Hi Power and 219 Zipper (hope I'm remembering the right cartridges!) yet even in the lever action platforms they were offered in the Zipper had a rep for decent accuracy, especially when hand loaded. The case shape is similar, as is the capacity. But twist and bullet weight/diameter screwed the whole thing up. The Savage 99 had a rep for good accuracy in other rounds, so why was the Hi Power kind of a dog? 6MM Rem vs 243 Win, same basic story in a bolt gun. That type of stuff has lot to do with how we interpret "inherent" accuracy.
Some rounds are just dead easy, I'll give you that any day. 44 Special. 45 ACP, 38 Spec, 308, 250 Sav, 257 R, 7x57 if it's in a commercial rifle and not a surplus trophy with a sewer pipe barrel. Some are harder, 22-250, 6.5 Swede, 357 M, 35 rem. Some are just plain tough IME, 6mm Rem, 6.5x06, 280 Rem, 9mm Luger, 380ACP.But I have to add that some of what I may consider "tough" might well be me or the specific platform I'm using.
Questions like this are always going to bring up a lot of opinion based "fact"...in my opinion!